Vol 5 Issue 1 April 2017-September 2017

Abstract: The fruit processing units in Chittoor district process largely mangoes. Other fruits processed, though in small quantities are guava, papaya, grapes and tomato.  In addition to catering to the domestic markets, the mango processing units contribute substantially to mango pulp exports from India. These units,  developed into a cluster over the last two and a half decades, spontaneously have also contributed to the emergence of a large network of support providers in the form of raw material suppliers, transport providers, suppliers of packing material, machinery and equipment servicing firms, exporters and skilled labour etc. The development of Chittoor fruit processing industry assumes significance considering the inherent strengths and weaknesses of the units.

The strengths relate to the presence of a dependable raw material base, good export potential for tropical and sub-tropical fruit pulps and juices, expanding urban markets within the country for natural fruit juices, easy accessibility to better technologies, major domestic markets for end products and a seaport for exports.

The weaknesses relate to highly seasonal operations of the units, narrow product mix, inadequate effort to enhance product range and explore domestic markets, lack of cost optimization effort, limited inter-firm interaction, absence of critical common facilities, varying product quality, excessive dependence on merchant exporters, lack of alternative market effort, no waste utilization and objectionable practices of waste disposal.

This research focuses on the problems faced by mango pulp entrepreneurs and enterprises during the pre-export marketing of mango pulp in Chittoor district.

Keywords: Fruit processing, Cluster, Common facilities, Cost optimization.

Title: A Study on Pre-Export Marketing Problems of Entrepreneurs and Enterprises of Mango Pulp in Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh

Author: G. Suresh Babu

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study sought to investigate the effect of networking marketing strategy on customer response to insurance products in Nairobi, Kenya. The study scope was four insurance companies that were purposively sampled due to researchers believe that primary data can easily be collected from their customers. Convenient sampling was a technique applied in identifying respondents to be included in the sample, who are the customers of these companies. The study used a sample size of all the 80 respondents.  Analysis and interpretation of the data was done using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data was then presented using tables, charts and percentages. The finding of the study was that networking marketing strategy preferred as people nowadays equipped with technological gadgets. The study recommends that the insurance firms should aim at creating long-term   relationship to bring in more referrals, make in routes to the social media sites where majority of the workforce spend their time and carefully analyze the segments to provide focus.

Keywords: Networking, Marketing Strategy, Customer Response.

Title: Effect of Networking Marketing Strategy on Customer Response to Insurance Products in Nairobi, Kenya

Author: Anthony Kihara Kibugi, Dr. Dennis Juma

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: India is the leading producer of fruits, vegetables, milk, marine products etc. Due to inadequate facilities for storage, transportation and processing, the post-harvest losses amount to 25-30 percent causing a monetary loss to the tune of several thousand crores. Food preservation and processing help in the proper utilization of the horticulture produce during glut and make it available during off-season. It plays an important role in enhancing the shelf life of the predominantly perishable commodities and in producing a diversified range of value-added products.

With the primary objective of boosting the exports of fresh and processed agricultural produce from the country, the Government of India (GoI) announced a policy of setting up of Agri Export Zones (AEZs) across the country in the Export and Import policy (EXIM Policy) 2001-02. It was declared that, these zones would be a part of the effort to provide improved access for India’s agricultural and allied products in the International market with a view to provide remunerative returns to the farming community in a sustained manner and also for the purpose of developing and sourcing raw materials and their processing/packaging leading to final exports.

Formation of exclusive Agri Export Zones (AEZs) is an important step taken by the Indian Government to focus on agri diversification, value addition and exports. Agri Export Zone (AEZ) - Chittoor was the first project to be sanctioned in Andhra Pradesh for the promotion of mango pulp exports from Chittoor district. AEZ in Chittoor district is focusing on identifying the specific agri product mango pulp enjoying strong export potential and providing comprehensive package of services-beginning at farming end and closing at market end- to make the exports more competitive in the world markets.

An attempt is made in this research to present an overview of the role of   Agri Export Zone (AEZ) in promoting the exports of mango pulp from Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh.

Keywords: Inadequate facilities, post-harvest losses, Food Preservation, Perishable.

Title: The Role and Impact of Agri Export Zone (AEZ) In Promoting the Exports of Mango Pulp- A Study

Author: G. Suresh Babu

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: In advanced globalization and fierce competition only the company's management, which is better able to conduct business negotiations can achieve the success. The aim of the research is to develop recommendations for effective negotiations, for which there have been studied a number of scientific articles and monographs, as from business and management, so as from psychology.

Keywords: Management, Negotiation, Communication, Partnership.

Title: Issues to Be Considered During Effective Negotiation

Author: Manana Khakheli, Giorgi Morchiladze

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The limitation of fundamental knowledge of cognitive biases that motivates investment behaviour has been one of the problems facing investors in the Nigerian property market. Thus, this study was aimed at establishing the cognitive biases influencing investment decision-making in property market in Plateau State, Nigeria. The objective that guided the study was the influence of anchoring bias on investment decision making in property market in Plateau State, Nigeria. Descriptive research design was used in the study. The study population comprised of property agents who were investment traders at the property market in Plateau State and currently registered and licensed to operate in Plateau State property market in Nigeria. The target population comprised of 1650 registered property investors trading at the property market in Plateau State and currently licensed to operate in Plateau state property market in Nigeria. Property investors were targeted. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used in the selection of representative sample comprising of purposive sampling and the normal approximation to the hyper-geometric distribution to select the sample size. The final sample size was thus comprised of 312 respondents. Primary data was collected using standard questionnaires with both closed and open ended questions. Cronbach’s Alpha Test was used to test the internal consistency reliability of measurements. The study employed both descriptive and inferential statistics to allow presentation of data in a more meaningful way and thus simpler interpretation of data. Normality test was done for qualitative data to test for normal distribution for all dependent and independent variables. Jarque bera test was used to examine normality. The regression analysis results further confirmed that there was a significant positive linear relationship between anchoring bias on investment decision making in property market in Plateau State in Nigeria. The study concluded that anchoring bias effect in making investment decisions, is solely determined by years of experience as an investor. The positive coefficient on these variables was consistent with expectations that more experienced investors used more personal judgment in making decisions. The main recommendation for investors is to make constant attempts to increase their awareness on behavioral finance by educating themselves on the field. Studying about the biases, and reflecting on their decisions are likely to help achieve better self-understanding of the extent and manner to which they gets influenced by emotions while making financial decisions under uncertainty. Even after satisfactory awareness is achieved it is highly recommended that they maintain a chart of the behavioral biases they are likely to be vulnerable to.

Keywords: property market, investment traders, Property investors, making decisions.

Title: INFLUENCE OF ANCHORING BIAS ON INVESTORS' DECISION MAKING IN PROPERTY MARKET IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Author: DASHOL ISHAYA USMAN, Dr. Willy M. Muturi, Dr. Florence S.  Memba

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Bilateral Revealed Comparative Advantage (BRCA) and Constant Market Share Analysis (CMSA) have been used to study the nature and trend of trade flows in the region. A commodity level analysis of trade data has been done in the study using SITC and HS data from United Nations for the period of 1990-2014. It was found that; South Asian exports to India and China is more because of expansion Effect, while India’s export to China and China’s exports to India is more because of Competitiveness Effect during the period 1990-2014; India and South Asia have different export specialization structure in their export basket to China and China and South Asia also have different specialization in their exports to India as China has specialisation in four SITC products while South Asia has specialisation in just one SITC product; India has stronger trade ties with Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives compared to China and China has stronger trade ties with Pakistan and Bangladesh compared to India; India is more competitive than China in overall South Asian market in the sectors; Animal, Chemicals, Food Products, Fuels, Minerals, Vegetables and Transport. China is more competitive than India in overall South Asian market in the sectors; Footwear, Glass, Hides & Skin, Machine & Electronics, Metals, Plastic & Rubber, Textile & Clothing, Wood and Others. Almost same is the distribution of sectors between India and China if compared in the rest of world. India & China are more Export Competitive in the rest of the world than in South Asian countries; China is more competitive than India in South Asian countries like, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Maldives except Nepal and Bhutan where India is more Export Competitive than China.

Keywords: BRCA, CMSA, Trade, China, India, South Asia.

Title: India-China-South Asia Trade Relations (1990-2014): A Comparative Analysis

Author: Salahuddin Ayyub

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The study intended to examine whether co-operative purchasing among. Self Help Groups has impacted on cost of food as a way of reducing the cost of living in the recent times.  The major objective of the study was to establish the role of self-help groups on cost reduction of household food items. The study intends to use both quantitative and qualitative method and will be guided by descriptive research design. Questionnaires, focus group discussion and interviews will be used as tools for the data collection. Further, statistical package for social science (SPSS) will be used as a tool during data analysis. The study will use the social exchange theory, which suggests that human beings make social decisions based on perceived costs and benefits. The findings of the study will benefit the Self Help Groups, the county policy makers and other scholars since the work will be in public domain.

Keywords: Cooperative purchasing, Self Help Groups (SHGs), cost reduction, household food items.

Title: Role of Self-Help Groups on Cost Reduction of Household Food Items- Scope of Nakuru West Sub-County, Kenya

Author: Monica Ivy wambui Kamau, Susan Njeri Karanja, Kevin Mburu Kinyoro

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The flow of FDI, foreign debt, foreign aid and remittances from countries of origin to developing countries has raised debate on the development potential in receiving countries. These foreign capital inflows enhance the economic growth of the recipient countries as they are used for development and poverty alleviation. This study aimed at establishing the relationship between foreign capital inflows and economic growth of Kenya using Panel data for the period 2000-2015. Some of the factors pointed out in the literature include remittances, foreign aid, foreign debt and FDI. The study used causal research design and Ordinary Least squares method. Data was collected using a data collection sheet which was cleaned and coded. The data was analyzed using multiple linear regressions method. The findings have established that there is a relationship between FDI inflow and GDP of Kenya. The study has also established that the relationship between foreign debt and economic growth in Kenya is negative. As foreign debt increase, economic growth deteriorates. The study has further established that remittances indicators are the most significant factors influencing the economic growth in Kenya. Finally, the study has established that on average foreign Aids had more negative impact on GDP growth in the 2004 relative to early 2014.

Keywords: Balance of Payment, Budget aid, financial globalization, Market imperfections.

Title: The Relationship Between Foreign Capital Inflows And The Economic Growth Of Kenya

Author: Beatrice Muigai, Dr. Muturi Willy

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Financial companies one of the important sectors in Oman which they are providing loans to the individual and SME (Small Medium Enterprises).They are offering different types of products such as vehicle loan, working capital, equipment /Commercial vehicles and Machinery leasing, bill discount, etc. Now the financial companies are facing a lot of challenges. The issues related to the financial companies are: they are affected by many factors like Government policies and regulations, fall in oil price and competitive banks and taste and behavior of the customers and increasing the employee’s turnover. I conducted this research to analyze the issues which affecting the financial companies and the factor which affecting them mostly and the solutions which help them to reduce the challenges.

Keywords: Investment, Financial companies, challenges, issues.

Title: Issues of the Financial Companies

Author: Samira Lahi bakhsh Al Balushi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The government of Zimbabwe promulgated Statutory Instrument 64 of 2016 on 1 July 2016. The main objective of the instrument, according to the government was to protect domestic firms from unfair competition from foreign firms and therefore boost production by local firms. However, Zimbabwe’s neighbours especially South Africa and Zambia claimed that the instrument adversely affected their economies and violated the Southern Africa Development Community Protocol on Trade which seeks to promote free trade among member countries. The study, thus, sought to explore the effects of Statutory Instrument 64 of 2016 on Zimbabwe’s neighbours and members of the Southern Africa Development Community region. The study used qualitative research. Data were collected using in-depth interviews, document reviews and observations. The study noted that trade between Zimbabwe and neighbouring countries was governed by the Southern Africa Development Community Protocol on Trade and bi-lateral trade agreements. The study revealed that Statutory Instrument 64 of 2016 had created ‘tension’ in the Southern Africa Development Community region with some exporters in countries like Zambia openly requesting their governments to retaliate by restricting imports from Zimbabwe. The researchers also discovered that some firms in the neighbouring countries had scaled down operations or closed down while others such as Willowton of South Africa had established a plant in Zimbabwe. The study recommended that the government of Zimbabwe should continue to engage neighbouring countries and Southern Africa Development Community as well as respect the outcome of any negotiations to restore trust and confidence in its trading partners. The government should also strive to strike a balance between Statutory Instrument 64 of 2016 and other policies such as Industry and Trade Policy and investment promotion policies; and avoid protecting inefficient industries that continued to underutilize capacity and resources. Thus, the government of Zimbabwe should institute policies that seek to revamp the whole supply chain for the benefit of Zimbabwe and its neighbours.

Keywords: Protectionism; Statutory Instrument; trade; tariffs; imports; exports; infant industry.

Title: An Evaluation of the Effects of Statutory Instrument 64 of 2016 on Zimbabwe’s Neighbours

Author: Stanley Idanai Murangwa, Tavonga Njaya

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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