Vol 4 Issue 1 January 2016-March 2016

Abstract: There is connection between how people feel, what they eat and how they adapt at different times in day to day life. The aim of this study is to identify Perceived stress, coping styles to reduce stress and in particular the effect of stress on eating behavior of health employees. Perceived stress scale with ten items was used for determining perceived stress in addition to self administered pilot tested questionnaires for coping styles and eating behavior that were adapted with modification after literature review. This study involved the medical and non medical staff(n=177) at King Fahad Medical City, KSAUHS, in the year 2013-2014.In  our  study, majority of the respondents perceived moderate stress, and among them females displayed perceived stress score more than males (p value=0.000) ,had a higher eat score (p value-=0.001)and under stress, respondents indicated that they not only consumed unhealthy foods(pvalue=0.027) but also felt that they could overcome stress by eating(p value=0.06). As for the coping styles, physicians adapted better than the non physicians(p value=0.05).The role of organization is considerably important to provide its employees sufficient time and venue for proper food and recreation to prevent stress.

Keywords: coping strategies; eating disorders; stress; stress coping; health promotion.

Title: Perceived Stress, Coping Styles and Impact on Eating Behavior of Health Employees

Author: Ayesha Nuzhat, Raneem Osama Salem, Nada Ashour, Lora Talal, Mohammed Dahi, Nasser Al Hamdan

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract:  “The Age of Religious Wars in Europe” focuses on the condition of the church and the religion in Europe from 1560 to 1715, following the onset of the Protestant Reformation in Central, Western and Northern Europe.

Keywords: Religion, Church, Renaissance, Witchcraft, Humanism, Catholic, Protestant.

Title: The Age of Religious Wars in Europe (1560-1715)

Author: Sudipta Saha

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The study was carried out to assess the impact of science and technology on palm oil marketing towards achieving food security in Isoko North Local Government Area, Delta State. Multi stage sampling technique was employed in selecting respondents. First stage involves the random selection of ten communities from the study area; in the second stage one town was randomly selected from each of the ten communities; and third stage involve the random selection of five respondents from each of the towns making a samples size of 50. Data was collected through primary and secondary sources. Primary source was through questionnaire while secondary source include text books, journal, internet etc. Data was subjected to descriptive statistics. Hypothesis was tested with chi-square and regression analysis.. Result of the study revealed that majority of the respondent fall within the age bracket of 41- 50 years (50%) the rest were 20- 30 years (50%), 31-40 years (9%) and 51 years above (11%) respectively. The study also reviewed that there were more females (70%) than males (30%) involve in palm oil marketing in Isoko North LGA.  Most of the respondents were married (60%).Those single were 26% while divorced and widows were 8% and 6% respectively. The results show that the modern method processes more Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) per worker per year than the traditional method. Modern mills process a total of 1.8 tons of FFB per worker per year, compared to the traditional method of 0.98 tons/worker/year. The average quantity of palm oil sold per week per respondent was 156 litres and the prices vary from one marketer to the other; from N250 to N270 per litre. The regression analysis showed significance at 5% with p value < 0.05 with the socio economic factors such as age, marital status, education, price of palm oil among others having significant effect on the income of palm oil marketing in the study area. Therefore, palm oil marketers and processors should take advantage of the modern technology in order to improve their income, market efficiency and achieve food security.

Keywords: Palm oil Marketing Income Traditional Modern Technology.

Title: Palm Oil Marketing in a Contemporary Social Environment: Implications for Achieving Food Security through Science and Technology in Isoko North Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria

Author: Tibi K.N., Akpobasa B.I.O.

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Man is a supreme being on the earth. But man is unable to live a full-fledged life, since he has a feeling of insecurity on this world. The present life style is a result of the development of science and technology. Present day life style is much oriented towards the materialistic world. Man is facing many problems where he is unable to find permanent solutions for them in the fast moving days. He has no time to sit and think of the problems also. So there is an urgent need for the great people to give practical solutions for the existing problems. Vethathiri Maharishi’s life and his teachings offer a holistic way of life to understand the self and the world. By reading this paper certainly one will understand how Maharishi has understood the individual law, social law and the Divine law to prescribe a prosperous way of life without harming the existing set up of the society.

Keywords: Vethathiri Maharishi, Social and Moral philosophy, Revelations, Illumined Masters, Logical Solutions.

Title: VETHATHIRI MAHARISHI’S LIFE AND PHILOSOPHY: A STUDY

Author: VIJAYA.M.N

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: This research paper discusses on the infusion of social-emotional learning (SEL) into the mathematics classroom at a Singapore private school. To understand about how to implement a SEL program, the paper will first address the benefits of SEL to the students and the possible barriers of implementing an SEL program in a school. This will follow by suggestion of three key ‘entry points’ to infuse SEL elements into the mathematics classroom, namely: to create a SEL-conducive learning environment, to redefine and redesign lesson plans and to allow time for students to carry out reflection of their own learning. In addition, another two ways to introduce SEL elements into the mathematics curriculum will also be highlighted. One way is to teach SEL skills systematically, together with frequent practices. The second way is to set up a mini SEL unit within the classroom to promote SEL concepts among the students. Towards the end of the research paper, there is also a section which presents a series of steps to blend SEL together with mathematics teaching. The steps can serve as a general guideline for educators who wish to start an SEL program in a school. The paper concludes with a short discussion about the various issues that have been mentioned as well as a brief personal note about the importance of SEL skills in a highly competitive society.

Keywords: Attitudes, self-reflection, self-assessment, key elements.

Title: The Infusion of Key SEL Elements into the Teaching of Mathematics for a Singapore Private School

Author: Meng Kay, Ling

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: According to report of Inter Press Service, (IPS) “On a global scale, women often work more than men, women cultivate more than half of all the food that is grown. In India, yet forming women often get little recognition and are paid less for that due to their lack of awareness in mathematical calculation. It is very difficult for these women to get the financial resources to lead their day today life, and often are the ones that suffer the most poverty and that affects the illiterate forming women throughout their lifetime, Media is the lens through which we see the world. Not only does it informs but it also shapes public opinion and mobilizes changes. Today, its ability to reach very large global audiences has turned the medium from a reporter of reality and producer of image to become a part of the reality and producer of self-image. In order to empower and educate the forming women, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi, initiated the new project as Radio Mathematics (RM) through Community Radios on 2013. In this project, around India, 11 Community Radio stations are identified, funded, and impart the mathematical education (Maths through Air, e-Education) through their community Radios  in their local languages for the benefit of their community people . The prime focus of this paper is , the analysis of Radio Mathematics project in Periyar Community Radio (PCR-one among 11Community Radio stations )  and  outlined  the ways in which the PCR  involved and demonstrated the impact of Radio Mathematics project for Empowerment of their target Women Farmers.

Keywords:  DST, Radio Mathematics, Community Radio, Women Empowerment, Media.

Title: The Impact of Radio Mathematics for Women Empowerment in Periyar Community Radio

Author: Ujjwala .Tirkey, Dr. R.Sreedher, G.Gandhimathi

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: This paper explores the life of traditional pastoral Karrayu during the imperial and Derg regime (1931-1991). The traditional Karrayu pastoral production system bases on seasonal herd mobility, changing herd compositions and traditional institutions of mutual help used to maintain the sustainability the system both ecologically and economically for centuries. Methodologically, the paper uses data from secondary sources. For this study, document analysis methodology was employed. More than ten major literature were consulted and analyzed their similarity and difference to investigate state intervention and its consequences on the life of the traditional pastoral Karrayu. As an investigation of the major sources for the study of state marginalization of the pastoralist Karrayu, this paper will help policy makers and intellectuals to embark on further studies on issues in Ethiopia and the whole of Africa in general.

The findings of this study show that the ill-conceived agricultural developmental policies persuaded by the imperial and the Derge regime that aimed at the establishment of large scale commercial farms in the Awash valley and the refusal to recognize the land rights of the Karrayu have had severe impact on the Karrayu and their production system. It disrupts of the Karrayu traditional social and resource utilization managements that evolved through centuries of adaptation to the ecosystems.

Keywords: Ethiopia, State, Karrayu, Pastoralism, Marginalization.

Title: Marginalization of Pastoralists in Ethiopia: A Case Study of the Karrayu People

Author: Ayele Tariku,Meshesha

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Secondary education serves as a link between the elementary and higher education, and plays a very important role in this respect. A child's future can depend a lot on the type of education she/he receives at the secondary level. Apart from grounding the roots of education of a child, secondary education can be instrumental in shaping and directing the child to a bright future. This stage of education serves to move on higher secondary stage as well as to provide generic competencies that cut across various domains of knowledge as well as skills. The recent significant development of society,  impact of globalisation and rapid growth of new technologies have led to reassessment of India’s preparedness to generate required technical manpower, develop new knowledge and skills, and remain competitive at global level.

Since free and compulsory education to all children up to the age fourteen is the Constitutional commitment in India, all efforts in the past were focused on achieving the goal of universal elementary education. It is upper primary and secondary level of education that is now in the focus. Over time, secondary schooling facilities improved to a significant level but still there are a few areas of concern like Schooling facilities to a large number of habitations were not available. Government schools had lower percentage of buildings than the schools under the private managements. So far as the investment on education is considered, secondary education has never been the priority area of investment. In order to meet the challenge of Universalisation of Secondary Education, there is a need for a paradigm shift in the conceptual design of secondary education. The guiding principles in this regard are; Universal Access, Equality and Social Justice, Relevance and Development and Curricular and Structural Aspects. Universalisation of Secondary Education gives opportunity, to move towards equity. The concept of ‘common school’ will be encouraged. If these values are to be established in the system, all types of schools, including unaided private schools will also contribute towards Universalisation of Secondary Education by ensuring adequate enrolments for the children from under privileged society and the children Below Poverty Line families.

Keywords: Secondary education, Constitutional commitment in India, ensuring adequate enrolments.

Title: Secondary Education in India: Issues and Concerns

Author: Dr. Priti Chaudhari

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The study sought to establish how effective classroom management skills enhance students’ self-esteem and academic achievement. The population of the study was all second year Arts one (1)  and Arts two (2) students of Dormaa Senior High School and the stratified and systematic  sampling techniques were used to select one hundred and ten students comprising fifty-two (52) males and fifty-eight (58) females who were chosen as sample  for the study. The cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data for the study. The major instruments  used in this study were the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale, Behavioral and Instructional  Management  Scale and end of  term score of the participants in their core subjects. Four (4) hypotheses were tested and the findings of the study established that effective classroom management skills lead to high self-esteem. It was also established that effective classroom management leads to high academic achievement in students. The results showed that self-esteem have no effect on academic achievement and again, there are no differences between self-esteem and gender.

Keywords: Classroom management, self-esteem, academic achievement.

Title: Effective Classroom Management, Self Esteem and Academic Achievement

Author: Paul Kenny Lawer, Adisah-Atta Isaac, Asamoah Asare Seth, Nasmah Kande Adam Nashiru

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and to evaluate the factor structure of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) with reference to the inclusion and exclusion criteria in subscales. 260 university and college students responded for the General Health Questionnaire -28 and Split-half Reliability and Cronbach’s Alpha were used to assess the reliability of the instrument. Factor Structure was assessed using Factor analysis. The results of the study revealed that the instrument is having higher level of Split-Half reliability(0.76) and Good Internal Consistency(a=0.85) The Factor analysis of factor structure revealed that item factors were loaded in to three main factors where those three factor accounted for a cumulative variance of 33.217%,  whereby the items belonging to Somatic Symptoms were loaded to the same component (with one item variation), the items belonging to  Social Dysfunction and Severe Depression scales were also preserved. But the Items belonging to Anxiety Insomnia subscale were distributed among other subscales, suggesting a possibility of three scales GHQ.

Keywords: General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), evaluate the factor structure, Split-Half reliability.

Title: Evaluation of Internal Consistency and Factor Structure of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) on a South Indian Sample

Author: Kumaranayake, A.R., Dr. N.L.Srimathi

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: ‘Island’ is a motif of both aloofness and enlightenment in both East and West. In the East, to the Buddha, island is a positive symbol of revitalization in the core of the ocean of Samsara. In Commonwealth feminist writers such as Anita Desai and Sue Monk Kidd, the island becomes a metaphor for a woman’s quest for freedom and identity. The Mermaid Chair is a vividly imagined novel about the spirit and the ecstasies of the body; one that illuminates a woman’s self-awakening with the brilliant and power that only a writer of Kidd’s ability could conjure.

Keywords: Mermaid Chair, Self-Awakening, woman’s quest for freedom and identity.

Title: From Self-Alienation to Self-Awakening in Sue Monk Kidd’s The Mermaid Chair

Author: Mrs.K.Shenbaha Priya, Ms.G.Shalini

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Classroom management is an important aspect of teaching-learning process. Management is a procedure of integrating resources and responsibilities towards the accomplishment of stated goals.  The study was conducted to determine the teachers' level of awareness regarding classroom management based on their own perception. Tools used in the study were questionnaires and teachers' interview. Participants of the study consists of 25 teachers of English in four secondary schools in Misrata. Findings showed that teachers of English are to some extent aware to some qualities and strategies needed for maintaining well-managed classrooms. It was concluded that classroom environment was gradually satisfactory to those teachers in spite of the fact that they are not fully utilizing the available resources in their classrooms. It was recommended that there is a need for empowerment of teachers for the management of their classrooms which built on competency rather than authority. The study also recommended that a democratic environment may be encouraged in the classroom as it has an important impact on teaching-learning process.

Keywords: Classroom management, English, study, teaching-learning process, secondary schools in Misrata.

Title: Exploring English Language Teachers’ Perception of Classroom Management at Secondary Schools in Libya

Author: Mr. Ismail Faraj Elgamati

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The study described the spoken discourse performance of the Industrial Education student teachers in three levels of language namely: phonology, morphology and syntax during their on-campus teaching.  It primarily described phonology through the student teachers’ intonation patterns of their utterances. It also investigated the production of inflected morphemes “ed” for description of their performance on morphology. Lastly, it analyzed the student teachers’ sentence structures of their utterances to describe their spoken discourse performance in terms of syntax, The research used the qualitative research method to analyze the data and describe the spoken discourse performance of the student teachers. It also utilized an interview guide to gather data on the language profile of the student teachers. The on-campus teaching underwent video recording to describe the actual spoken discourse performance. Results showed that the utterances of the student teachers displayed evidence of intonation patterns variation on wh-questions and yes/no questions. Findings also demonstrated that common to the utterances were inconsistencies in the production of the inflected morpheme “ed. Thus, student teachers’ production resulted from the common linguistic phenomenon in which they tended to carry the intonation and pronunciation rules from their mother tongue (Filipino) into their English spoken discourse. Syntax, on the other hand, was described based on the error scheme on misformation, addition, omission, and misordering.  Data showed that the most common slip-ups in the sets of video transcripts of on-campus teaching were the misformation errors. Another ungrammatical element observed was the errors of omission on verbs. There were also errors of addition in they demonstrated the use of unnecessary tense markers. Likewise, student teachers also made errors of ordering when they wrongly sequenced their utterances. This research implies that there is an interference of Filipino language in the production of the student teachers’ intonation patterns, inflected morpheme and sentence structures which describes the spoken discourse performance of the student teachers.

Keywords: Spoken Discourse, Industrial Education, Student Teachers.

Title: SPOKEN DISCOURSE PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION STUDENT TEACHERS

Author: Dr. Emily L. Beltran

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The Middle East seems fated to become the main danger zone of world politics. During the last decade the East-West détente has prevented a head-on collision between the superpowers there, but many signs point to impending changes. As the Soviet Union reaches strategic parity with the United States, there is growing temptation for it to assert its strength in an area so much nearer Moscow than Washington. The Western withdrawal from the area will be complete with the British departure from the Arabian Gulf. From the Soviet point of view the Middle East is a vacuum and seems the least risky area in the world in which to expand the Soviet sphere of influence. The Russian drive to the south which began in the eighteenth century seems at last likely to achieve fulfillment.

The Russians' strengthened position in the Middle East has come about not by coercion or infiltration but by invitation. The Soviet Union was officially asked to become a Middle Eastern power and was willingly offered the facilities it wanted by the governments of Egypt, Syria, Algeria and Yemen.

Russia’s intervention in Syria is not the first time that the country has been involved in the Middle East. In fact, the country has a long history in the region. The Soviet Union was a major supplier of the Arab forces who fought against Israel in the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, also known as the Yom Kuppur War. The USSR later invaded Afghanistan in 1979, occupying the country for nearly 10 years. In 1990, it lost a key ally in the region when what was then South Yemen merged with the North. Growing U.S. influence in the region further hurt the Soviet Union’s control of the region, particularly after the success of the Operation Desert Storm, a significant victory for the United States over Saddam. Shortly afterward, the Soviet Union collapsed and its influence in the Middle East largely receded.

The situation in Syria is becoming increasingly complex as the Islamic State seeks to expand its control in the midst of a civil war between Syrian rebels and the Assad regime. But Russia’s intervention in Syria is the new strategic policy in the region, as it seeks to exert its influence outside of its borders. Recent developments have caused many to ask why Russia is intervening and what it hopes to gain. Thus we have shed some light about the Russia growing its influence and expand its new role and strategy in the Middle East.

Keywords: Russia’s strategy, world politics, great powers, security.

Title: The Russian Strategy in the Middle East

Author: DR.  Al-Rawashdeh Mohammad Salim

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: With the advent of globalization, English teachers in the Philippine Educational System have been required to teach their subjects using the English language as the medium of instruction. By doing so, students are expected to graduate or finish language subjects with greater competency in the use of English. Moreover, in the newly approved K- 12 program of the Philippines, one of the competencies that is supposed to be acquired by Filipino students is an effective communication skill which they will be using in the future, given the fact that communicative competence will indeed be a necessity for 21st century learners. Filipino students of today, however, though exposed every day to English via the internet; do not put much effort to learning and understanding the English language. Moreover, not all Filipino learners are capable of learning English through an English-only-policy (EOP) mode of instruction due to the huge linguistic differences between the English language and the Philippine national language (Filipino) as well as other native Philippine languages which are the students’ mother tongues. Thus, there is a big gap between a Filipino student’s mother tongue and the English language which is a foreign language to Filipino students. To address this huge linguistic gap between English and the mother tongue or native language, Teachers in the Philippines have resorted to a Code Switching Strategy in teaching their subjects so as to enable students to easily grasp both the foreign and mother-tongue language. In this strategy, the teacher utilizes English together with some mother-tongue words as exemplars and for clarification of ideas for the sake of in-depth understanding. This study is an attempt to find out if a classroom that uses the Code Switching Strategy as the medium of instruction achieved higher learning levels compared to EOP teaching. Furthermore, this study also tried to determine if the Code Switching Strategy can contribute to better language learning through the use of the mother tongue as a foundation and a bridge for acquiring second language.

Keywords: Code Switching, Medium of Instruction, Code Switching Strategy, Mother Tongue, English as a Second Language, ESL, English Only Policy, DepEd, Philippine K-12Teaching, learning.

Title: Code Switching and Its Implications for ESL Learning

Author: Rhea Dente, Elaika Tibayan, Dyan Marjorie Tan, Luzvie Manalaysay, Michelle Garcia, Jessa Cartel, Jose Carlo Atienza

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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